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Cardiology

Atherectomy
What is Atherectomy?Atherectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove atherosclerosis from a blood vessel. It is also used to treat peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery disease. A sharp blade attached to a catheter is used to remove plaque. The plaque is collected by the catheter and removed.How is the Atherectomy Performed?A catheter is inserted through a small puncture of the artery in the leg.The plaque is scraped away using the blade attached to the catheter.A chamber in...
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Cardiac Ablations
What is Catheter Ablation?Catheter ablation is a treatment procedure performed to treat some kinds of arrhythmia, in which there are problems related to the heartbeat rhythm.How is Catheter Ablation Performed?An ablation catheter, which is a thin, long and flexible tube, is inserted into a blood vessel in the arm, groin or neck.The catheter is guided into the heart thought the blood vessel.Radiofrequency (RF) energy is sent from a special machine through the ablation catheter into the heart.Tiss...
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Ventricular Septal Defect
What is Ventricular septal defect (VSD) Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a flaw in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the right and left ventricles of the heart. The ventricular septum comprises of an inferior muscular and superior membranous portion and is largely innervated with conducting cardiomyocytes. The membranous part, which is close to the atrioventricular node, is most commonly affected in adults and elder children in the United States. It is also the kind that will most comm...
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Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
What is an atrial septal defect or ASD?An atrial septal defect or ASD is a hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of your heart or atria. The condition is congenital which means from birth. Minor atrial septal flaws may close by their own during infancy or early childhood. The heart and lungs can be damaged by large and long-standing atrial septal defects. Small defects may never cause a problem and may be found incidentally. An adult who has had an unobserved atrial septal defect for d...
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Defibrillator Implant
What is a Defibrillator Implant? A Defibrillator Implant is a small electronic instrument that continually checks your heart rhythm. If it notices an abnormal heart rhythm, it reacts by delivering energy to the heart muscle. This in turn causes the heart to return to its normal rhythm again. There are a number of ways the device can be implanted. These include incisions on your breastbone and collarbone. For other heart problems, it could be the case that a defibrillator implant takes place dur...
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Surgical Atrial Septectomy
What are the tests required? The tests required before the procedure is: Blood Test ECG Chest X-ray Echo Cardiogram MRI CT Scan How much time is required? The stay in the hospital is for a week. Moreover, the procedure takes about an hour. What is the cost of the procedure? The cost of the procedure is 6500 - 7500 USD.    
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Transmyocardial Revascularization
What is TMR (Transmyocardial Revascularization)?Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) is a surgical procedure performed in the treatment of stable angina that cannot be treated with medication. TMR is used as a treatment only if conventional treatments like angioplasty or bypass surgery cannot be performed. Laser is used during the procedure to make channels in the left ventricle of the heart.How is TMR Performed?An antibacterial solution is applied on the left side of the chest.A sedative...
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DOR procedure
What is the DOR Procedure? The DOR procedure, also known as Endoventricular Circular Patch Plasty (EVCPP), is a heart reconstructive surgical procedure that is performed to treat an aneurysm that forms after a heart attack. During the DOR procedure, the left ventricle is cut to expose the damaged area. The scarred aneurysm is tied with a looped stitch which is used to shrink it. The left ventricle is restored to its normal shape and size after the DOR procedure. The DOR procedure enhances ejec...
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Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
What is pediatric cardiac surgery? This is surgery to the heart to repair heart defects in a child. The defects may be congenital (defects that a child is born with) or heart disease that a child gets after birth. What is a Pediatric Heart Surgeon? A pediatric cardiac surgeon is a heart surgeon who has special training in diagnosing treating and managing heart diseases and conditions in children. A pediatric heart surgeon treats complex congenital heart defects in newborns, children, and a...
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Balloon Valvuloplasty
What is Balloon Valvuplasty? Balloon valvuloplasty is a minimally invasive procedure in which a narrowed heart valve is stretched open using a catheter with an inflatable balloon at its tip. The catheter is inserted through the groin artery and is slowly guided by the physician until it reaches the heart valve. The balloon is then inflated, enlarging the valve opening. What conditions are treated with Balloon Valvuplasty? Balloon Valvuplasty may be used to treat valve stenosis (narrowing of...
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Pacemaker
What is a Pacemaker Implant?A pacemaker implant is a procedure to insert a small, battery-operated device called a pacemaker into your chest. This assists your heart to beat regularly.What are the different types of Pacemaker Implant treatments?Endocardial approach.This is the traditional procedure commonly used. An incision is made in the chest for the leads and pacemaker to be inserted. The lead(s) is carefully placed into the incision and into a vein, then guided to the heart. The tip of ...
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Open Heart Surgery
What is Open Heart Surgery? Open heart surgery is a procedure that involves opening the walls of the chest, and performing surgery on the heart muscles, arteries or other related structures. What are the different types of Open Heart Surgery treatment? The most popular type of heart surgery is coronary artery bypass grafting or CABG as it is commonly known. During a CABG procedure, surgeons use healthy veins obtained from another part of the body to, go around blocked arteries. Other types...
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Coronary Angiography
What is coronary angiography? Coronary angiography is a procedure used to examine the coronary arteries. coronary arteries are the arteries that carry fresh blood from your heart to your organs. Coronary angiogram is performed using a technique called cardiac catheterisation, which involves using a catheter (a long, flexible, plastic tube) to reach your heart. The cathter is inserted through your groin or arm arteries. What is the purpose of Coronary Angiography? The angiography test can s...
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Aortic Aneurysm Surgery
What is Aortic Aneurysm? An aortic aneurysm is a weakened and bulging area in the aorta, the major blood vessel that feeds blood to the body. Depending on the size of the aneurysm and on other factors, your doctor may recommend that surgery will be done. How can Aortic Aneurysm be treated? Currently the only effective treatment for aortic aneurysm is surgery. A patch or artificial piece of blood vessel is sewn where the aneurysm was to reinforce the aorta so that it does not burst again. Op...
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Heart Bypass
What is Heart Bypass Surgery? Bypass surgery, also called coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to relieve angina and reduce the risk of death from coronary artery disease.Arteries or veins are grafted from different parts of the patient's body to the coronary arteries in order to bypass the atherosclerotic narrowings and improve the blood supply to the coronary circulation supplying the heart muscle.This surgery is usually performed with the heart st...
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Coronary Angioplasty
What is Coronary Angioplasty? Coronary angioplasty is a surgical procedure that is used to open coronary arteries that are blocked. The blood flow to the heart is improved after coronary angioplasty. Coronary angioplasty helps in improving symptoms of coronary heart disease such as chest pain, discomfort, and short breath. It also reduces chances of heart attacks caused by blockage in the coronary artery. The blockage is usually caused by a blood clot that develops in the area where the plaque...
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Valve Replacement
Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac procedure in which the patient's aortic valve is replaced by a different valve. Aortic valve replacement can be done either with open heart surgery, or by using a catheter (PAVR - percutaneous aortic valve replacement). The replacement valves used in the procedure are either natural (biologic) or artificial (mechanical). What are the tests required? The test required before the procedure are: Blood Test ECG Chest X-ray   What is the cost of the...
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CABG
What is Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)?Coronary artery bypass graft or CABG is a surgical procedure whereby a surgeon takes a vein or artery from a patient's chest, leg or arm and grafts it on to the blocked artery. This results in normal blood flow to the heart muscles.What types of surgery are available?Minimal Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass SurgeryFor some patients, minimal invasive coronary artery bypass surgery may be an option. During this surgery, smaller chest and graft removal inc...
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